Alan Rooney

Bio

I am interested in understanding the interactions between tectonics, climatic processes and geochemical cycles on a range of time scales. I use radiogenic isotope geochemistry, in particular rhenium-osmium (Re-Os) geochemistry and geochronology and Platinum Group Element geochemistry combined with field-based mapping, sedimentology, stratigraphy and mineralogy to interrogate the rock record of critical transitions in Earth history.

My near term research interests are centered on three main areas: 1) refining Earth history records, especially Proterozoic tectonic reorganizations and eukaryotic diversification, 2) combining geochemical proxies to provide better constraints on ice sheet dynamics over the last 5 million years, and 3) employing radiogenic isotopes as tracers of crustal-mantle processes.

Rooney Geochronology Lab

Welcome to the Rooney Geochronology and Geochemistry Group! We are a part of the Yale Metal Geochemistry Center. Our group utilizes the Re-Os geochronometer and radiogenic isotope geochemistry in conjunction with mineralogy, field mapping, sedimentology and stratigraphy to investigate climatic, biologic and tectonic transitions in earth’s history. Current projects involve resolving spatial-temporal Quaternary ice sheet dynamics, understanding and refining the timing of biological innovation, extinction and ice ages in the Proterozoic and Ordovician.

Current projects involve resolving spatial-temporal Quaternary ice sheet dynamics and understanding and refinig the timing of biological innovation, extinction and ice ages in the Neoproterozic and Ordovician. Short descriptions of ongoing projects can be found here.

Biological Innovations and the Breakup of Rodina - Tonian of Svalbard

The breakup of Rodinia during the late Neoproterozoic was responsible for changes in primary productivity due to the formation of isolated basins with variable redox environments. Many biosphere firsts occurred during the Tonian, including the advent of biomineralization, development of exoskeletons, rise of eukaryotic predation and the appearnace of authigenic phosphate burial. Neoproterozoic sections are exceptionally well-preserved in Svalbard, due to recent deglaciation, and provide unparalleled opportunities to investigate the biotic and geochemical histories of this time. Current research goals in this time period center on providing radiometric ages to resolve questions surrounding the tempo of eukaryotic evolution. This project is part of a collaboration with researchers at Dartmouth College and Oxford University.

Mid-Pleistocene Transition

The Mid-Pleistoncene Transition (MPT) was characterized by a shift from 41-ky to 100-ky variability in glacial cycles, without change or obital forcing parameters. While the specific drivers of this transition remain elusive, it has been suggested that the MPT occurred as either the result of a shift in internal ice sheet dynamics, which pushed ice sheets towards a longer and larger stable state, or an increase in cooling of the deep ocean, which would have allowed for colder temperatures and prolonged glacial periods. Our work during the MPT centers on refining the dynamics of northern-hemisphere ice sheets by utilizing osmium chemo-stratigraphy, bedrock geology adn glacial teill mapping to identify basal bedrock conditions under northern hemisphere ice sheets, and help elucidate ice sheet response to changing basal substrate.

EARTHTIME Integration of the Re-Os Geochronometer

Providing reliable radiometric ages is essential in resolving fundamental problems in earth history. Earthtime is a NSF-funded initiative to produce reliable geochronological ages and develop inter-laboratory standards and calibration. the Rooney Lab has been working on developing reliable standards, inter-laboratory standards calibration and comparison within the EARTHTIME framework.

Facilities

The Rooney Geochronology Clean Lab spaces are part of the Yale Metals Geochemistry Center and are equipped with all-plastic fume hoods, laminar flow benches and casework, centrifuges, manual and semi-automated columns for trace element separation. The center also houses several high sensitivity and precision inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometers. Our analytical capabilities include a Thermo Fisher Neptune-Plus MC-ICP-MS, a Thermo Fisher Triton-Plus TIMS, a Thermo Fisher Element-XR magnetic sector ICP-MS and a Thermo Fisher iCAP TQ ICP-MS. All of the ultra-clean and mass spectrometer laboratories are under positive air-pressure with respect to the building hallways and have controlled temperature and humidity levels. The Geochemistry Center is adjacent to the Microprobe Facility, which houses a JEOL Hyperprobe electron microprobe. Both the Metal Geochemistry Center and the Microprobe Facility have full time technicians.

The department also has and maintains a standard sample preparation facility, which has saws, clean powdering mills, and updated machinery to make thin sections, and a petrography center, which has a scanning electron microscope with a technician and several light microscopes.

People

Dr. Alan Rooney, Assistant Professor

I am interested in understanding the interactions between tectonics, climate processes and geochemical cycles on a range of time scales. I use radiogenic isotope geochemistry, in particular the rhenium-osmium (Re-Os) geochronometer, Sr and Nd isotopes combined with field-based mapping, sedimentology, stratigraphy and mineralogy to interrogate the rock record of critical transitions in Earth History.

Email Alan

Dr. Jonathan Toma, Postdoctoral Researcher

Email Jonathan

Learn more about Jonathan

Gryphen Goss, Graduate Student

I want to understand how past ice sheets behaved during major climatic shifts. My research involves the application of radiogenic isotope techniques to pinpoint how deglaciation occurred (pulsed/linear), timing, and rate. Major climatic shifts of interests include Mid-Pliocene Warming Period (~ 3 million years ago) and the Mid-Pleistocene Transition (~0.8 million years ago). Specific geochemical techniques I employ include the Re-Os and Sm-Nd isotope systems, with a view to combining these with cosmogenic nuclide dating.

Email Gryphen

Learn more about Gryphen

Sam Shipman, Graduate Student

Email Sam

Carey Ciaburri, Graduate Student

Email Carey

Christopher Donnelly, Lab Manager

Contact Info

alan.rooney@yale.edu

+1 (203) 432-3761

Street address: 210 Whitney Ave., New Haven CT 06511

Curriculum Vitae

Publications

Rooney, A.D., Millikin, A.E.,† and Ahlberg, P., 2022. Re-Os geochronology for the Cambrian SPICE event: Insights into euxinia and enhanced continental weathering from radiogenic isotopes. Geology, 50(6), pp.716-720 doi.org/10.1130/G49833.1

Millikin, A.E†., Strauss, J.V., Halverson, G.P., Bergmann, K.D., Tosca, N.J. and Rooney, A.D., 2022. Calibrating the Russøya excursion in Svalbard, Norway, and implications for Neoproterozoic chronology. Geology, 50(4), pp.506-510. doi.org/10.1130/G49593.1

Gibson, T.M†., Millikin, A.E†., Anderson, R.P., Myrow, P.M., Rooney, A.D. and Strauss, J.V., 2021. Tonian deltaic and storm-influenced marine sedimentation on the edge of Laurentia: The Veteranen Group of northeastern Spitsbergen, Svalbard. Sedimentary Geology, 426, p.106011. doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2021.106011

Yang, C., Rooney, A.D., Condon, D.J., Li, X.H., Grazhdankin, D.V., Bowyer, F.T., Hu, C., Macdonald, F.A. and Zhu, M., 2021. The tempo of Ediacaran evolution. Science advances, 7(45), p.eabi9643. doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abi9643

Katchinoff, J.A., Syverson, D.D., Planavsky, N.J., Evans, E.S.J.† and Rooney, A.D., 2021. Seawater chemistry and hydrothermal controls on the Cenozoic osmium cycle. Geophysical Research Letters, 48(20), p.e2021GL095558. doi.org/10.1029/2021GL095558

Sperling, E.A., Melchin, M.J., Tiffani, F., Stockey, R.G., Farrell, U.C., Bhajan, L., Brunoir, T.N., Cole, D.B., Gill, B.C., Lenz, A., Loydell, D.K., Malinowski, J., Miller, A.J., Plaza-Torres, S., Bock, B., Rooney, A.D., Tecklenburg, S.A., Vogel, J.M., Planavsky, N.J., Strauss, J.V., 2021, A long-term record of early to mid-Paleozoic marine redox change. Science Advances 7, eabf4382, doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abf4382

Busch, J.F., Rooney, A.D., Meyer, E.E., Town, C.F., Moyniham, D.P. and Strauss, J.V., 2021, Late Neoproterozoic - early Paleozoic basin evolution in the Coal Creek inlier of Yukon, Canada: implications for the tectonic evolution of northewestern Laurentia. CJES 99, p.1-23, doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2020-0132

Syverson, D.D.,† Katchinoff, J.A.R., Yohe, L.R., Tutolo, B.M., Seyfried, W.E., Rooney, A.D., 2021, Experimental partitioning of osmium between pyrite and fluid: Constraints on the mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal flux of osmium to seawater., Geochimica et Cosmochimica 293, p. 240-255, doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2020.10.029

Rooney, A.D., Cantine, M.D., Bergman, K.D., Boag, T.H., Busch, J.F., Sperling, E.A., Strauss, J.V., 2020, Calibrating the co-evolution of Ediacaran life and environment, PNAS, 117 p. 16824-16830, doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002918117

Rainbird, R.H., Rooney, A.D., Creaser, R.A., Skulski, T. 2020, Shale and pyrite Re-Os ages from the Hornby Bay and Amundsen basins provide new chronological markers for Mesoproterozoic stratigraphic successions of northern Canada. Earth and Planetary Science Letters. doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116492

Rooney, A.D., Chang, Y., Condon, D.J., Zhu., M and Macdonald, F.A., 2020, U-Pb and Re-Os geochronology tracks stratigraphic condensation in the Sturtian Snowball aftermath, Geology. 48 p. 625-629, doi.org/10.1130/G47246.1

† represents student or postdoc author